Why was St Petersburg the capital of Russia between 1712 to 1918? - st petersburg pediatrics
Why Saint Petersburg, the capital of Russia from 1712 to 1918 (with the exception of a few years under Peter II)? Why the city of Moscow in 1918?
Saturday, January 23, 2010
St Petersburg Pediatrics Why Was St Petersburg The Capital Of Russia Between 1712 To 1918?
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On 1 May 1703 () Russian calendar, captured during the Great Northern War, Peter the Great, the Swedish fortress on the Neva river in Ingria Nyenskans. A few weeks later, May 27, 1703 (May 16 in the old style), behind the river in Zayachy (Hare) Iceland, three miles (5 km) inland from the Gulf region, on the strength of the Peter and Paul, when the first, brick and stone construction of the new city. He named the city after his patron saint, Saint Peter, the apostle. The original name was to sound like Dutch by Dutch Peter's obsession with the culture. The city was recovered by serfs built in Russia, and also by Swedish prisoners of war under the supervision of Alexander Menshikov and later became the center of Saint Petersburg. Peter moved the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg in 1712, before the Treaty of Nystad in 1721 ended the war.
The proximity of the boundary of the city and the struggle against the Soviet armies forced the Bolsheviks under Lenin, the capital to Moscow, March 12, 1918 transfer. In 1919, during the Russian Civil War afterNikolay Yudenitch advance Estonia was about to take the city of the Bolshevik Leon Trotsky, but finally managed to mobilize the population and inflation in order to. Many people have fled the city in 1917-1920 or were ousted in the red terror, so that its population has been significantly reduced. On January 24, 1924, three days after Lenin's death, Petrograd was renamed Leningrad. For decades, Leningrad was glorified by the Soviet propaganda as "the cradle of the revolution" and the "city of three revolutions", many elements of Lenin and the revolution in the context, how well kept the cruiser "Aurora". Many roads and place names were renamed accordingly.
Pedro I moved the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg because it was the last one being the port city and its strategic decision to take the shortest route to the sea of the Russian Empire in Europe is increasing. However, Saint-Petersburg fourth design but also in other European capitals, while Moscow has a radial ring design. We know that Pedro I wanted a city that was similar to European cities to build.
19,818 in the capital to Moscow, because of the possible military incursion into Germany to Petrograd (St. Petersburg). There was a strong political opposition to the Bolshevik government in Petrograd, too. It would be against the Bolshevik power.
In addition to the reasons that other contributors here, Peter I HATED Moscow mentioned. Apparently he had with some Freudian complex in childhood, when he saw the violent death of his uncle in the hands of the "Archer's Witness" (semi-regular troops and police, security training tasks in Moscow time). Streltsy Moscow supports Peter's half-sister Sophie in the battle for succession began a revolt name a few. On one occasion, 16 Peter I fled from the Kremlin on a horse in his underwear. Finally, the troops were disbanded and executed (beheaded), hundreds of them . Peter did not feel safe in Moscow, then continued through his memories.
Because of the history. But even in reality, Peter I did not like Moscow. He wanted "his city". Thus Piterburh Sankt-based (Holland). Moscow, no European city was a great neighborhood. I use in the European style of the city - it was a "window" to Europe. And the following reason, I need the strategy of the city near the Baltic Sea.
The next question is more difficult. Moscow became the capital in 1918 because of the revolutions. And St. Petersburg (St. Petersburg) was the capital of the best minds in Russia, and adopted the new government to amend the capital. And it was a bad sign - a new history in the city begin where the new government has killed the Czar's family. Petrograd was too dangerous for the new government.
Czar Peter the Great built St. Petersburg as a new capital, primarily because access to the sea (on the Baltic Sea). The city was still a "window on Europe". It is of strategic importance for building a large port city in northern Russia previously had not. The capital was moved to Moscow after the Communist Revolution, as decided by the Communists in Moscow to adjust that feels best for the role of forming a new government himself.
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